7th » Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Cebu (island) known as Cebu.
17th » Trial of Martin Luther over his Lutheranism called teachings begins during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. Initially intimidated, he asks for time to reflect before answering and is given a stay of one day.
18th » Trial of Martin Luther begins its second day during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. He refuses to recant his Lutheranism or teachings despite the risk of excommunication.
23rd » Battle of Villalar: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor known as King Charles I of Spain defeats the Revolt of the Comuneros or Comuneros.
27th » Battle of Mactan: Explorer Ferdinand Magellan is killed by natives in the Philippines led by chief Lapu-Lapu.
29th » Swedish War of Liberation: Swedish troops under Gustav Vasa defeat a Danish force under Didrik Slagheck in the Battle of Västerås and soon capture the city of Västerås. The Danish-held castle, however, does not surrender to the Swedes until 31 January the